Mass Flow Rate Converter

Convert between kg/s, lb/min, and other mass flow rates.

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    Convert mass flow rate measurements between kilogram per second, pound per minute, metric ton per hour, and more.

    What is Mass Flow Rate Converter?

    Mass flow rate measures how much mass of a substance passes through a cross-section per unit time. Unlike volume flow rate, it is independent of pressure and temperature changes — making it the preferred measurement in chemical engineering, combustion, HVAC, and fuel systems.

    Understanding the Units

    Kilogram per second (kg/s)

    The SI unit of mass flow rate.

    Common Uses: Scientific and engineering calculations, turbines, compressors

    Pound per minute (lb/min)

    Imperial mass flow rate unit.

    Common Uses: US industrial processes, HVAC, refrigeration

    Conversion: 1 kg/s ≈ 132.277 lb/min

    Metric ton per hour (t/h)

    Metric ton (1,000 kg) per hour.

    Common Uses: Mining, heavy industry, bulk material conveying

    Conversion: 1 kg/s = 3.6 t/h

    Common Mass Flow Rate Conversions

    Example Mass Flow Rate
    Human breathing (at rest) ~6 L/min of air ≈ 0.12 g/s = 0.43 kg/h
    Car engine at 100 km/h ~7 L/h of petrol ≈ 5.2 kg/h = 0.0015 kg/s
    Industrial steam pipe 10–100 kg/s
    Amazon River ~200,000 m³/s ≈ 200,000 t/s water flow

    Conversion Formulas

    • Mass flow rate = Density × Volume flow rate (ṁ = ρ × Q)
    • Mass flow rate = Mass ÷ Time (ṁ = m/t)
    • kg/s to lb/min: lb/min = kg/s × 132.277
    • kg/s to t/h: t/h = kg/s × 3.6
    • t/h to kg/s: kg/s = t/h ÷ 3.6

    Practical Examples

    Natural gas pipeline: flow measured in kg/s to account for pressure variation

    Large rocket engine: consumes ~400 kg/s of fuel and oxidiser at launch

    Air conditioning system: airflow in kg/s determines cooling capacity

    Chemical reactor: precise mass flow ratios ensure correct reaction stoichiometry

    When to Use Each Unit

    kg/s: Engineering calculations, scientific work, international standards
    lb/min: US industrial processes, HVAC, refrigeration systems
    t/h (tonnes/hour): Mining, bulk material handling, heavy industry

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